Effect of acupuncture on blood pressure variability in elderly patients with cerebral infarction complicated with essential hypertension / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the therapeutic effect of acupuncture on blood pressure variability (BPV) in elderly patients with cerebral infarction complicated with essential hypertension.@*METHODS@#Seventy-six elderly patients with cerebral infraction complicated with essential hypertension were randomized into an observation group and a control group, 38 cases in each group. acupuncture and nifedipin were given in the control group. On the basis treatment in the control group, the and acupuncture was applied at Renying (ST 9), Hegu (LI 4), Quchi (LI 11), Zusanli (ST 36) and Taichong (LR 3) in the observation group for 30 min. The treatment was given once a day, 5 times a week for 8 weeks. The 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure was monitored in the two groups. The changes of blood pressure and blood pressure variability were observed before and after 8 weeks of treatment, and the occurrence of adverse reactions during the treatment were recorded.@*RESULTS@#The mean systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), daytime SBP, DBP, nighttime SBP and DBP were reduced in the two groups after 8 weeks of treatment (0.05).@*CONCLUSION@# and acupuncture method can effectively control the blood pressure and blood pressure variability in the elderly patients with cerebral infraction complicated with essential hypertension.

Advances in biomarkers and stem cell-targeted therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma / 药学学报

Primary hepatocellular carcinoma as the main pathological type of liver cancer is one of the common malignant tumors in our country. Liver cancer stem cells (LCSCs) have the characteristics of multidrug resistance, anti-radiotherapy and high tumorigenicity in addition to the characteristics of stem cells, namely, self-renewal, multi-directional differentiation and unlimited proliferation. Based on the above features, relapse and metastasis often occur after the patients being treated with conventional methods, which results in poor prognosis. Effective treatment targeting LCSCs has the potential to cure hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) completely. This article reviews the common biomarkers used in identification of LCSCs and development of stem cell-targeted therapy for HCC.

Distribution characteristics of pathogenic bacteria from diabetic foot ulcer of patients with different Wagner grades / 中国感染控制杂志

Objective To understand the distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria from diabetic foot patients of different grades of Wagner classification,and provide basis for the rational use of antimicrobial agents in clinical practice.Methods Clinical data,pathogens isolated from wound secretion,and antimicrobial susceptibility testing result of diabetic foot patients who were admitted in the department of endocrinology in a hospital between January 2014 and December 2016 were analyzed retrospectively,patients were divided into gram-positive (G+) bacteria infection group,gram-negative (G) infection group,and mixed infection group according to the isolation of bacterial species,relationship between patients' clinical characteristics and Wagner grades was analyzed.Results There were 103 patients with diabetic foot,39 with G+ bacterial infection,50 with G-bacterial infection,and 14 with mixed infection.The age and disease course of patients with mixed infection was significantly elder and longer than the other two groups of patients(both P＜0.05);glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and procalciton in mixed infection group were both lower than the other two groups(both P＜0.05);the percentage of neutrophils in G+ infection group was higher than the other two groups(P＜0.01).A total of 132 specimens were detected,103 strains were isolated,the positive rate was 78.03％,isolation rates of G+ and G-bacteria were 33.33％ (44/132) and 44.70％ (59/132) respectively.The major G+ strains were Staphylococcus aureus (n =19) and Staphylococcus epidermidis(n=11),the major G bacteria were Citrobacterbraakii(n=12),Escherichia coli(n=11),and Pseudo monas aeruginosa (n =11).As the Wagner grade increased,the proportion of mixed infection continued to rise.The main multidrug-resistant organisms were methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and extended-spectrum betalactamase-producing G-strains.Conclusion For diabetic foot patients,especially those with higher Wagner grades,etiological examination and antimicrobal susceptibility testing of ulcer secretion should be timely performed,so as to provide reference for rational use of antimicrobial agents in clinic.

Effect of modified sijunzi decoction on the bone metabolism of adriamycin induced nephropathy rats / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the effect of Modified Sijunzi Decoction (MSD) on the bone metabolism of prednisone intervened adriamycin-induced nephropathy rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The adriamycin-induced nephropathy rat model was prepared. Totally 50 SD rats were randomly divide into five groups, i.e., the model group, the hormone group, the Chinese medicine (CM) group, the CM + hormone group, and the normal control group. The 24-h urine samples were collected on the 7th, 21st, and 35th day after modeling. The 24-h urine protein was measured by biuret colorimetry. Serum levels of osteoprotegerin (OPG), receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB ligand (RANKL), osteocalcin (BGP), and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRACP) were determined by ELISA. Expressions of OPG and RANKL in the tibia tissue were detected using real-time quantitative PCR and Western blot.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) Compared with the normal control group, the 24-h urine protein increased in each group on the 7th, 21st, and 35th day (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Compared with the model group, the 24-h urinary protein decreased in the hormone group and the CM + hormone group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). The decrement was more obvious along with the treatment time went by (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). There was statistical difference in the reduction of urine protein on the 35th day between the CM group and the model group (P < 0.05). (2) Compared with the 21st-day of the same group, the serum levels of TRACP and RANKL increased (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Compared with the model group, the serum levels of the TRACP and RANKL increased (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), OPG and BGP decreased (P < 0.05, P < 0.01) in the hormone group. Compared with the CM group at the same period, serum OPG level decreased and the RANKL level increased in the hormone group and the CM + hormone group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Besides, the serum level of TRACP increased and BGP decreased (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Compared with the hormone group at the same period, OPG and BGP increased (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), RANKL decreased (P < 0.01) in the CM + hormone group. On the 35th day TRACP decreased (P < 0.01). (3) Compared with the normal group, mRNA expressions of OPG and RANKL on the 21st day increased (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), mRNA expressions of OPG and RANKL on the 35th day decreased in the model group (P < 0.01). Compared with the CM group at the same period, OPG mRNA expression decreased (P < 0.01) and RANKL mRNA expression increased in the hormone group (P < 0.05). OPG mRNA expression decreased in the CM +hormone group (P < 0.05). (4) Compared with the hormone group on the 21st day, the OPG level decreased and the RANKL protein increased (both P < 0.05). RANKL decreased in the CM + hormone group (P < 0.05). Compared with the model group at the same period, OPG decreased and RANKL increased in the hormone group (P < 0.01). Compared with the CM group at the same period, OPG decreased (P < 0.01), RANKL increased (P < 0.01) in the hormone group and the CM + hormone group. Compared with the hormone group at the same period, OPG increased and RANKL decreased in the CM + hormone group (both P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Prednisone could induce osteoporosis through the OPG/RANKL/RANK pathway. MSZ could slow down the formation of prednisone-induced osteoporosis through promoting osteoblast differentiation, and inhibiting osteoclastogenesis.</p>

Indications of acupuncture outpatient based on clinical investigation / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>The present situation of clinical indications of acupuncture in China is investigated in this article which provides clinical evidence for the establishment of acupuncture indications.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Out-patients of acupuncture departments of 31 Chinese provinces in the year 2008 were investigated through the method of cluster random sampling. And the analysis was made on diseases sorting and distribution based on Pareto principle and with EpiMap software.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Information of 31 858 out-patients of the first treatment from 36 hospitals were collected which referred to 368 diseases of 16 disease systems. Among them, there were 57 most commonly-encountered diseases, 60 commonly-encountered diseases and 251 rare diseases.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>There are totally 368 acupuncture clinical indications at present according to the investigation with disproportional distribution in administrative districts. It is held that indications of acupuncture have high centralization degree. Thus, the populariza tion and promotion on application of acupuncture indications should be strengthened.</p>

Survey clinical evidence of acupuncture therapy for depressive neurosis / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the clinical studies of acupuncture for treatment of depressive neurosis, collect the high quality evidence relative to clinical acupuncture practice for clinical decision-making reference.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Around crucial common questions of acupuncture clinical practice, the documents of clinical study were comprehensively retrieved. According to 5-grade criterion of evidence-based medicine, the evidence from high to low level were selected to answer corresponding clincal questions and RevMan 5.0.20 was used to analyze the final indicator.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Nineteen documents of clinical study accord with the inclusive criterion were retrieved. Level-A evidence showed effectiveness of acupuncture. Acupuncture might be superior or equal to fluoxetine, with little adverse effect and high safety. Level-C evidence showed acupuncture might be superior or equal to Amitriptyline, with little adverse effect and high safety. And no relative clinicial evidence compared effect of acupuncture with that of psychotherapy or behavior therapy. Only one level-C evidence showed there was no effect difference between acupuncture combined with bloodletting therapy and bloodletting alone. Two level-C evidence showed the effect of acupuncture combined with western medicine was superior to that of medicine alone, eg. catgut embedding therapy combined with Fluoxetine, electroacupuncture combined with Seroxat.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Acupuncture for depressive nerosis has a positive effect. Acupuncture has an equal effect compared with western medicine, while strictly designed equivalent and non-inferior studies are demanded. The effect of acupuncture combined with medicine has some advantage, but need high quality studies to verify.</p>

Expression and biological significance of HPA and HIF-1alpha in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the expression of HPA and HIF-1alpha in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and their relationship with cancer development, invasion and metastasis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The expression of HPA mRNA and HIF-1alpha protein in 23 mucosa specimens of incisal margin, 26 para-tumorous dysplastic tissues and 70 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma specimens were detected by in situ hybridization assay and immunohistochemical staining, respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The positive expression of HPA mRNA and HIF-1alpha protein were significantly increased as the epithelial cells progressed into carcinoma (P < 0.05). The expression of HPA mRNA and HIF-1alpha protein in the esophageal squamous cell carcinoma were significantly correlated with the invasion depth, lymph node metastasis and clinical staging (P < 0.05), while it was not correlated with the differentiation of tumors (P > 0.05). There was a close correlation between the expression of HPA mRNA and HIF-1alpha protein in the carcinoma tissues (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The high expression of HPA mRNA and HIF-1alpha protein is correlated with carcinogenesis, progression, invasion and metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. There may be a positive cooperation between two of them in the carcinogenesis and development of esophageal carcinoma. The determination of HPA mRNA and HIF-1 alpha will be useful in predicting tumor biological behavior.</p>

Microsurgical anatomy of epiglottic artery and its clinical implications / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the microsurgical anatomy of human epiglottic blood vessel to provide exact and reliable data and morphological properties for further studies of laryngeal transplantation, reconstruction and other epiglottis-related diseases.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty Chinese adult cadavers (27 males and 3 females) were examined for the present study. The cadavers were dissected under magnification along the anatomic planes from skin down to vertebral column. The anterior neck was exposed by a midline incision and extended laterally along the angle of mandible superiorly, and on clavicle inferiorly. After the visualization of laryngeal prominence of thyroid cartilage, strap muscles were resected and superior laryngeal artery and epiglottic blood vessel were exposed under an operating microscope ( original magnification 7 -30). The epiglottic artery was named for the first time.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The diameter of superior laryngeal artery was (1. 06+/-0. 16) mm( male: 1. 09 mm+/-0. 12 mm). The diameter of origin epiglottic artery was (0. 79+/-0. 13) mm (male: 0. 81 mm+/-0. 11 mm). The vertical distance between origin epiglottic artery and superior horn of thyroid cartilage was (27. 16+/-3. 85) mm. Epiglottic artery loop was observed in all the cadavers, which could be M-, N-, omega-, or U-shaped and mixed under the thyrohyoid membrane or in the epiglottic vallecula.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>These findings could improve the application of epiglottis in laryngeal functional reconstruction after partial laryngectomy, as well as in the prevention of epiglottic artery loop injuries during the operation.</p>

Study of the effect of leeching on plasma endothelin and soluble interleukin-2 receptor in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus / 中国结合医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>to explore the mechanism of leeching in treating systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty-four patients with SLE were randomly divided into conventional corticosteroid treated group (control group, n = 20) and conventional treatment group with leeching intervention added (leeching group, n = 24). Before and after treatment the concentration of plasma endothelin (ET) and soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) were determined.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Before treatment the level of plasma ET and sIL-2R in the SLE patients were all higher than those in the normal healthy group, (P < 0.01). But after treatment the level of these in both groups were significantly improved than those of before treatment (P < 0.05), and comparison between these two treated groups showed that the difference between them was significant (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Leeching added to conventional treatment of SLE could be more effective in improving the level of plasma ET and sIL-2R, and ameliorating the impairment of renal tissues.</p>

Measurement of sound pressure level at outlet of external auditory canal and eardrum / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the sound pressure level at outlet of external auditory canal and eardrum, and to observe the range of maximum frequency of sound effect of outlet ear canal, so as to provide exact data for designing personal noise rating instrument and studying the effect of environmental noise on human body, and to provide basis for calibration of noise sound pressure level.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Sound pressure level at eardrum and outlet of external auditory canal in 30 young people (60 ears) were measured by Audio Scan RM500 at 50 dB SPL narrow band noise with different frequencies (0.25 - 8.00 kHz).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>At the same frequency, sound pressure levels at eardrum were less than (0.6 +/- 2.6) dB SPL, at outlet of outlet ear canal less than (0.2 +/- 1.8) dB SPL, there were no significant differences between both sound pressure levels (P > 0.05). There were significant differences in sound pressure levels between both places at 1.50 - 8.00 kHz (P < 0.01). The maximum difference was (10.5 +/- 3.4) dB SPL at 2.00 kHz, and the minimum was (0.5 +/- 6.2) dB SPL at 0.50 kHz.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The effects of increased sound pressure should be considered in the evaluation of environmental noise and the design for individual noise rating meter when the noise frequency was >or= 1.50 kHz.</p>